The European countries have invested a lot to remediate the contaminated soils [4] . 2. exposed to contaminated sites. The author and contributors to the publication are not responsible for any consequences or results that occur upon implementing any recommendation stated in this guide or stated in any oral Remediation techniques play a key role in fu lly cleaning up the contaminants in soils and groundwater. Summary of In Situ Treatment Technologies Applications for Contaminant Classes Key: Better ™ Average Worse S=Specific to chemical type Nonhalogenated VOCs Halogenated VOCs Nonhalogenated SVOCs Halogenated SVOCs Among the latter, there are the treatments on This remediation guide is published to be used as an aid to the petroleum industry to remediate soil contaminated with salt water or petroleum hydrocarbons. Remediation refers to the process of environmental cleanup of contaminated sites and the techniques to reduce or eliminate contamination from soil or groundwater. 2. A range of technologies is available for remediation of metals-contaminated soil and groundwater at Superfund sites. The prevention of heavy metals contaminated soil is not only needed to control the sources, but also enhance the remediation of contaminated soil [3] . The goal of remediation is to remove, or to make harmless, substances contaminating the soil or groundwater. The goal of remediation is to remove, or to make harmless, substances contaminating the soil or groundwater. Remediation methods. contamination. Remediation Methods of Crude Oil Contaminated Soil. In the following, main techniques for soil remediation will be presented focusing on the cleaning up after hydrocarbon contamination. Table 1. The soil contaminated by heavy metals manifests as concealment, accumulation, irreversibility, and protraction. 4(3): 2020. DOI: 10.33552/WJASS.2020.04.000595. Once a need for soil remediation is recognized, the best available technology is selected according to the nature, toxicity, and origin of the contaminant, the present and potential hazard related to the degree of contamination, the chemical and physical characteristics of the soil, the land use, the time available for remediation, the community acceptance, and a cost-benefit analysis. Possible exposure pathways include ingestion of contaminated soil or water from the site, direct contact with contaminated soil, inhalation of contaminants adhered to dust in the air, and ingestion of food items (i.e., plants or animals) that have accumulated contaminants from exposure to contaminated soil or water. The remediation processes can be applied directly to the site of contamination, in situ, or after removing the contaminated soil, ex situ. General approaches to remediation of metal contamination Outline Industrial soil contamination and soil properties Industrial to recreational land use transition History of Burke-Gilman Trail & Gas Works Park Soil cleaning and remediation techniques Bio/phytoremediation “Toporemediation” Air sparging Gas Works Park site characteristics Remediation methods. Remediation pathways include transfer of contaminants alone, or with World J Agri & Soil Sci. Chemical Treatments Oxidation, in waste remediation, refers to the movement of a contaminant to a more oxidized or more environmentally benign state. For this reason, remediation activities at metals-contaminated sites have focused on the solid-phase sources of metals, i.e., contaminated soils, sludges, wastes, or debris. WJASS.MS.ID.000595. World Journal of Agriculture and Soil Science Volume 4-Issue 3 Page 3 of 8 disadvantages are cost of transporting the contaminated soil to its final destination and the contamination (if soil is dumped untreated) of the final destination (in case of future re-use). Remediation of soil and groundwater contaminated with organic chemicals using stabilized nanoparticles: Lessons from the past two decades Zhengqing Cai1,2*, Xiao Zhao3*, Jun Duan4*, Dongye Zhao( )4, Zhi Dang5, Zhang Lin5 1 National Engineering Lab for High-concentration Refractory Organic Wastewater, East China University of Science and Technology,
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