This gaining ground was effected by the clearly expressed intention of Government to spend money liberally in the purchase of seats. William was the younger brother of General Charles Cornwallis. Born in London on December 31, 1738, to Charles, 1st Earl Cornwallis, and Elizabeth Townshend, the younger Charles was educated briefly at Eton and entered Clare College, Cambridge, but chose a military career over academics. In India, as in Ireland, he was actuated by none but the purest motives of duty — the most unselfish and sincere desire for the good of the peoples over whom he was placed. He was from a prominent Suffolk family and was educated at Eton and at Clare College, Cambridge. Born … (2nd July.) Dec. 31, 1738 in London. Their orders were to meet Henry Clinton at the Cape Fear River and from there to take action against the southern colonies, which the ministry wrongly supposed to harbor suffic… Cornwallis, Charles, Marquis Cornwallis, was born in London, 31st December 1738. Charles Cornwallis, second earl and first marquess Cornwallis, was born on 31 December 1738 and died on 5 October 1805. (15th April.) ", (16th Nov.) "The vilest informers are hunted out from the prisons to attack, by the most barefaced perjury, the lives of all who are suspected of being, or of having been, disaffected; and indeed every Roman Catholic of influence is in great danger." . . Charles Cornwallis, son of the first Earl of Cornwallis, was born in Suffolk on the 31st of December, 1738. Later he was elected to the House of Commons, and soon to follow he became Earl Cornwallis in his father’s place, upon which he entered into the House of Lords. War Hero. 0 0 1. He took pride in his appearance even though his left eye was at a permanent tilt due to a hit from a hockey stick. On his death the marquessate became extinct, but the title of Earl Cornwallis passed to his uncle, James (1743-1824), who was bishop of Litchfield from 1781 until his death. (8th Oct.) "I cannot help entertaining considerable apprehensions that our cabinet will not have the firmness to adopt such measures as will render the Union an efficient advantage to the empire. In February 1776 he sailed from Ireland with 12 regiments, totaling 2500 men. Early in 1798, he had declined the position of Commander-in-Chief in Ireland; but later on in the year, and as the insurrection became more serious, he was induced reluctantly to accept that post, combined with the Lord-Lieutenancy. Returning alone at night he was not recognized, he did not give the countersign, the sentry fired; but fortunately the bullet missed him. Capricorns. His first object was to introduce order and economy into the civil department, and then to place himself at the head of the army. (19th June.) 168. It relates the circumstances under which the great exodus to the New World began, the trials and tribulations faced by these tough American pioneers and the enduring influence they came to exert on the politics, education and religion of the country. But when the American War of Independence broke out, he accompanied his regiment across the Atlantic, and served not without success as a major-general. In a general order, dated from Ballinamore, 31st August, he calls upon the officers to "assist him in putting a stop to the licentious conduct of the troops, and in saving the wretched inhabitants from being robbed, and in the most shocking manner ill-treated by those to whom they had a right to look for safety and protection. (28th Jan.) "The question of Union was brought forward upon the principle that two independent legislatures had a tendency to separate; that the independent legislatures of Ireland and England had shown that tendency, and that the effects of it were felt in divisions at home, and attempts of invasion from abroad." His father Charles, the 5th Baron of Eye, sent Cornwallis to Eton, an exclusive private school, then to … His physical powers had, however, been overtasked, and the privations of a long voyage had had their effect, and he died at Ghazepore, 5 th October 1805, aged 66, endeavouring to the last to fulfil the duties imposed upon him. . PLAY. https://www.historyisfun.org/sites/yorktown-chronicles/history/cornwallis.htm In June 1798 he was appointed to the viceroyalty of Ireland, and the zeal with which he strove to pacify the country gained him the respect and goodwill of both Roman Catholics and Orangemen. He was educated at Eton College and the University of Cambridge. As an administrator he projected many reforms, but he was interrupted in his work by the quarrel with Tippoo Sahib. How I long to kick those whom my public duty obliges me to court! Desmond Doss. . Mrs Nicholson’s recollections of her tour among the peasantry are still revealing and gripping today. Edward Cornwallis was born in England in 1713. is military terminology referring to He was educated at Westminster and St. John’s College, Cambridge. Another division took place on the 6th February; the numbers being, for the Union, 158; against, 115 — the largest division ever known in the Irish House of Commons; including vacant seats and pairs, only twenty-two were absent. (21st Jan.) "Here I am embarked in all my troubles, and employed in a business which is ill suited to my taste. Learn charles cornwallis with free interactive flashcards. Those things which, if now liberally granted, might make the Irish a loyal people will be of little avail when they are extorted on a future day. . (24th July.) His great administrative abilities, singleness of purpose, and sincerity, were shown while he was Governor-General of India, from 1786 to 1792. Lord Castlereagh thus closes a long and vehement expostulation at the same date: "If Lord Cornwallis has been the person to buy out and secure for ever the fee-simple of Irish corruption, which has so long enfeebled the powers of Government and endangered the connection, he is not to be the first sacrifice to his own exertions." With him fell the English cause in the United States. that I know not how to proceed in the mortifying detail; there was no sacrifice that I should not have been happy to make for the service of my king and country, except that of my honour." 0 Born on December 31, 1738, in Grosvenor Square, Mayfair, London, Charles Edward Cornwallis V was the eldest child of Charles Cornwallis, 5th Baron Cornwallis, and Elizabeth, the daughter of 2nd Viscount Townshend. His father was Charles, the fifth baron and first earl Cornwallis, and his mother was Elizabeth, daughter of Viscount Charles Townshend. Corrections? 118. On the 11th February, the division in the Lords was: 95 for, and 26 against the measure. "Although there is no enemy here to oppose a large body of our troops in the field, we are still engaged in a war of plunder and massacre; but I am in great hopes that, partly by force, and partly by conciliation, we shall bring it to a speedy termination. "Finding from . (20th March.) Charles Cornwallis Mini-Bio. Title Lieutenant General, Earl Cornwallis Date of Birth - Death December 31, 1738 - October 5, 1805 Charles Cornwallis was born on New Years’ Eve to an English ruling class family. . I shall immediately authorize the general officers . Having been educated at Eton and Clare College, Cambridge, he entered the army. When war broke out in 1775, he at once sought military employment and was promoted to major general. Charles Cornwalis, the 1st Marquess Cornwallis (1738-1805), eldest son of Charles, 1st Earl of Cornwallis (1700-1762), was born on the 31st of December 1738. He went to Eton as a boy and in 1757 became an ensign in the Grenadier Guards. In public life he was distinguished by independence of character and inflexible integrity; he voted without regard to party, and opposed the ministerial action against Wilkes and in the case of the American colonies. Barrington, Sir Jonah, Historic Memoirs of Ireland. London, 1848-'53. His first military experience came in the Seven Years’ War when he was commissioned as an ensign in the British army and served in Germany. "The political jobbing of this country gets the better of me: it has ever been the wish of my life to avoid all this dirty business, and I am now involved in it beyond all bearing, and am consequently more wretched than ever. He attended Eton College for approximately two years before joining the British Army at age 18. Well-connected, Cornwallis' mother was a niece of Sir Robert Walpole while his uncle, Frederick Cornwallis, served as Archbishop of Canterbury (1768–1783). . He was noted for his moderation and prudence, his love of truth, and boldness in enouncing it. I shall therefore as much as possible overcome my detestation of the work in which I am engaged, and march on steadily to my point. Please check back soon for updates. He sailed form Cork in charge of ten regiments on 12 February 1776 under the escort of a squadron commanded by Sir Peter Parker. I have no hopes that I shall either gain credit to myself or render any service to the country. 39. He entered the army when young, and proved himself an able general, although obliged to capitulate with 8,000 men at Yorktown, in the United States, in 1781. 1737 – Charles Cornwallis was on the 31st day of December born this year in in Brome, Suffolk, England. Lord Cornwallis was in the field in the west, from 28th of August to about the 12th of September, in consequence of Humbert's invasion; but was not present at Humbert's defeat at Ballinamuck. Was elected to the House of Commons in 1760 and upon his father’s death two … In 1760, Cornwallis was elected to the House of Commons; two years later he inherited his father’s earldom and entered the House of Lords as Earl Cornwallis. War Hero. Cornwallis, Charles Born Dec. 31, 1738, in London; died Oct. 5, 1805, in Ghazipur, India. He entered the army in 1759, and succeeded to the title and estates of his father in 1761. I had my difficulties in India, but they were trifling compared with those which attend the wretched station which has been imposed upon me." He was born into a family that had connections and Cornwallis had everything he ever needed. Cornwallis, Charles, Marquis Cornwallis, was born in London, 31st December 1738. On my arrival in this country I put a stop to the burning of houses and murder of the inhabitants by the yeomen, or by other persons who delighted in that amusement, to the flogging for the purpose of extorting confession, and to the free-quarters, which comprehended universal rape and robbery throughout the whole country. (20th May.) (16th Jan. As representing money interests, Lord Castlereagh calculated that taking the Peers and Commons together, there was property represented to the amount of £1,058,200 for the measure, and £358,500 against it. The undaunted American widow returned to Ireland in the midst of the Great Famine and helped organise relief for the destitute and hungry. Edward Cornwallis is sometimes confused with his nephew Charles, Lord Cornwallis, who led the British forces in the American Revolutionary War. Born into a family with influential connections, Edward Cornwallis and his twin brother Frederick became royal pages at the age of 12. 1758 – Charles Cornwallis was appointed aide-de-camp to Lord Granby, with the rank of captain. Cotton, Rev. In 1775 Cornwallis was promoted to Major General and volunteered for duty to suppress the rebellion in America, putting loyalty to the King and constitution above his support for colonial rights. I trust that I shall live to get out of this most cursed of all situations, and most repugnant to my feelings. In May of 1780 the city … Born in 1738 (and thus was 6 years younger than Washington). He was appointed 13th June 1798, and held office to 17th March 1801. London, 1862-'70. Having been educated at Eton and Clare College, Cambridge, he entered the army. Birthday. 1761 - Charles Cornwallis was promoted to lieutenant colonel. He was in ill-health when he arrived at Calcutta, and while hastening up the country to assume command of the troops, he died at Thazipur, in the district of Benares, on the 5th of October 1805. 12 vols. "Numberless murders are hourly committed by our people without any process or examination whatever. For that reason, it conveys the reality of the calamity in a much more telling way. Cornwallis opposed the British policies that antagonized the American Colonies. In 1780 he was appointed to command the British forces in South Carolina, and in the same year he routed Horatio Gates at Camden. Charles Cornwallis Fans Also Viewed . Born In 1738. On the 17th of July a general amnesty was proclaimed, and a few weeks afterwards the French army under Humbert was surrounded and forced to surrender. "The mass of the people of Ireland do not care one farthing about the Union, and they equally hate both the Government and Opposition." He was succeeded as 2nd marquess by his only son, Charles (1774-1823.) . . "The country could not be saved without the Union, but you must not take it for granted that it will be saved by it." If I did not hope to get out of this country, should most earnestly pray for immediate death." (25th Sept.) "Situated as I am for my sins in the direction of the affairs of a country nine-tenths of the inhabitants of which are thoroughly disaffected to the Government, with a militia on which no dependence whatever can be placed, and which Abercromby too justly described by saying that they were only formidable to their friends." Froude, James A.: History of England, from the Fall of Wolsey to the death of Elizabeth. The author returned to Ireland in 1847–49 to help with famine relief and recorded those experiences in the rather harrowing: Annals of the Famine in Ireland is Asenath Nicholson's sequel to Ireland's Welcome to the Stranger. "I believe that one-half of our majority would be at least as much delighted as any of our opponents, if the measure could be defeated. The yeomanry are in the style of the loyalists in America, only much more numerous and powerful, and a thousand times more ferocious. Created by. Capricorn Named Charles #6. Charles Cornwallis was born in London and educated at Eton and Cambridge. Cornwallis was born on December 31, 1738, to a wealthy aristocratic family. An American widow’s account of her travels in Ireland in 1844–45 on the eve of the Great Famine: Sailing from New York, she set out to determine the condition of the Irish poor and discover why so many were emigrating to her home country. Charles Cornwallis was born on December 31, 1738. It was decided not to bring forward the question again the same session, but to proceed vigorously in the purchase of votes, and await the first favourable opportunity. Charles Cornwalis, the 1st Marquess Cornwallis (1738-1805), eldest son of Charles, 1st Earl of Cornwallis (1700-1762), was born on the 31st of December 1738. Cornwallis diligently studied the art of war and excelled at military science. (8th Oct.) "I certainly wish that England would now make a union with the Irish nation, instead of making it with a party in Ireland." London, 1817. He began his militia career in 1756. Charles Cornwallis was born in Suffolk, England. (17th Oct.) "If it is in contemplation ever to extend the privileges of the Union to the Roman Catholics, the present appears to be the only opportunity which the British Ministry can have of obtaining any credit from the boon which must otherwise in a short time be extorted from them." British military leader and statesman. (27th Dec.) "Nothing can be more melancholy and distressing to my feelings than the wretched situation into which I have been forced. It shall be one of my first objects to soften the ferocity of our troops. Of all the situations which I ever held, the present is by far the most intolerable to me, and I have often within the last fortnight wished myself back in Bengal." charles cornwallis Flashcards. . Military Pedigree. He not only escaped censure, however, but in 1786 received a vacant Garter, and was appointed Governor-General of India and Commander-in-Chief in Bengal. (26th Jan.) "The proposal of Union . The book is also available in Kindle. Her account is not a history of the famine, but personal eyewitness testimony to the suffering it caused. William Cornwallis was born 10 February 1744. His letters at this period abound with expressions of his deep conviction that Catholic Emancipation should be immediately granted, and that without it "we cannot long exist as a divided nation." My conscience does not reproach me with a single act of improper or impolitic lenity." The Scotch-Irish in America tells the story of how the hardy breed of men and women, who in America came to be known as the ‘Scotch-Irish’, was forged in the north of Ireland during the seventeenth century. (18th April.) (10th August.) The Hon. Later on, in 1801, after his return to England, he was appointed plenipotentiary to the congress that concluded the treaty of Amiens. For some time he was a member of parliament for Fye; in 1761 he served a campaign in Germany, and was gazetted to a lieutenant-colonelcy in the 12th Foot. 1774, d. 1823), High School: Eton College University: Clare College, Cambridge University, Governor-General of India (1805) Governor-General of India (1786-93) UK Member of Parliament for Fye Horse Shot from Under 17-Mar-1781 Surrendered to Enemy Yorktown, VA (17-Oct-1781) Taken Prisoner of War (May-1782) Released in Prisoner Exchange for Henry Laurens Order of the Garter 1786, Do you know something we don't? 1700, d. 1762)Mother: Elizabeth TownshendWife: Jemima Tullekin Jones (m. 14-Jul-1768, d. 16-Feb-1779)Son: Charles (b. 3 vols. Under date 30th December, a list of all the promotions and creations in the peerage consequent on the Union is given; they number 46. He was raised in a highly esteemed family of the British nobility. Joined the British Army in 1757 and fought with distinction in the Seven Years’ War on the continent. The Ocean Plague: or, A Voyage to Quebec in an Irish Emigrant Vessel is based upon the diary of Robert Whyte who, in 1847, crossed the Atlantic from Dublin to Quebec in an Irish emigrant ship. (13th July.) . War Hero. In 1762 he succeeded to the earldom and estates of his father; in 1765 he was made aide-de-camp to the king and gentlemen of the bedchamber; in 1766 he obtained a colonelcy in the 33rd Foot; and in 1770 he was appointed governor of the Tower of London. London, 1859. On 17th June we find by a letter to the Duke of Portland that he was overwhelmed with mortification at the non-fulfilment by the Government of some of his pledges, both to particular persons and to the Catholics: "I am so overcome . London, 1835. In 1791 he assumed in person the conduct of the war and captured Bangalore; and in 1792 he laid siege to Seringapatam, and concluded a treaty with Tippoo Sahib, which stripped the latter of half his realm, and placed his two sons as hostages in the hands of the English. Charles Cornwallis Is A Member Of . On the 22nd August 1800 he was enabled to announce to the Duke of Portland that he had the previous day given the royal assent to the Union Bill, and he congratulated all parties upon "the auspicious event." (8th July.) In 1781 he defeated General Nathanael Greene at Guilford Court House, and made a destructive raid into Virginia; but he was besieged at Yorktown by French and American armies and a French fleet, and was forced to capitulate on the 19th of October 1781. . ", (9th July.) 3 vols. They were well connected at court and with the Church of England. He was selected by Pitt with the expectation of his being able to carry through the Union when once the Insurrection was suppressed. Marquis de Lafayette. Charles Cornwallis, later accused of "losing America," was born in London on December 31, 1738. (6th Sept.) " The same wretched business of courts-martial, hanging, transporting, etc., attended by all the dismal scenes of wives, sisters, fathers, kneeling and crying, is going on as usual, and holds out a comfortable prospect to a man of any feeling. . The sum paid for buying out the borough holders is put down at £1,260,000, exclusive of other bribery. In 1805 he was again sent to India as governor-general, to replace Lord Wellesley, whose policy was too advanced for the directors of the East India Company. . Henry, see No. ", (16th Sept.) "A perseverance in the system [of governing Ireland] which has hitherto been pursued can only lead us from bad to worse, and after exhausting the resources of Britain, must end in the total separation of the two countries." Charles Cornwallis was born in London and educated at Eton and Cambridge. "The Irish militia are totally without discipline, contemptible before the enemy when any serious resistance is made to them, but ferocious and cruel in the extreme when any poor wretches, either with or without arms, come into their power: in short, murder appears to be their favourite pastime. . Choose from 36 different sets of charles cornwallis flashcards on Quizlet. His family fought for King Charles I in the English Civil War and were ennobled by King Charles II in exile. However, his views did not extend to sanctioning rebellion, and in the end, duty came before family. In 1762, He became the Second Earl Cornwallis and a member of the House of Lords. War Hero. War Heroes. Before leaving Ireland in May, he writes: "The joy that I should feel at being relieved from a situation which, with regard to every idea of enjoyment of life, has been most irksome to me, will be greatly alloyed by my apprehension that I am leaving a people who love me, and whose happiness I had so nearly secured, in a state of progressive misery. The south of Ireland is well disposed to the Union; the north seems in a state of neutrality, or rather apathy, on the subject, which is to me incomprehensible; but all the counties in the middle of the island, from Dublin to Galway, are violent against it." 140. Submit a correction or make a comment about this profile, Submit a correction or make a comment about this profile. In 1801 Cornwallis was replaced by Lord Hardwicke, and soon after he was appointed plenipotientary to negotiate the treaty of Amiens (1802). Cornwallis opposed the British policies that antagonized the American Colonies. On 11th August he narrowly escaped being shot by the sentry at the Castle. Born: 31-Dec-1738Birthplace: London, EnglandDied: 5-Oct-1805Location of death: Ghazipur, Benares, IndiaCause of death: FeverRemains: Buried, Cornwallis Tomb, Ghazipur, Benares, India, Gender: MaleRace or Ethnicity: WhiteSexual orientation: StraightOccupation: Military, Nationality: EnglandExecutive summary: Surrendered at Yorktown. was not disagreeable either to the Catholics or to the Protestant dissenters. ", (7th June.) Some who had been promised peerages were put off with money payments in lieu thereof. They held that 'the end justifies the means'; and unfortunately their private characters were calculated to screen their public conduct from popular suspicion.". His character has thus been summed up: "Lord Cornwallis was a statesman and a soldier of solid rather than showy qualities. His policy and character cannot be better depicted than in the following extracts from his private despatches to Pitt, the Duke of Portland, and others:— (28th June 1798.) He had no grandson; but in the next generation no less than six of his descendants embraced the profession he had adorned; four of them fell in the Crimea in the space of ten months — two at Inkerman, one at Balaclava, one in the trenches before Sebastopol. The late experiment has shown the impossibility of carrying a measure which is contrary to the private interests of those who are to decide upon it, and which is not supported by the voice of the country at large; and I think it is evident that if ever a second trial of the Union is to be made, the Catholics must be included." 21. 2 vols. Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess and 2nd Earl Cornwallis, in full Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess and 2nd Earl Cornwallis, Viscount Brome, Baron Cornwallis of Eye, (born December 31, 1738, London, England—died October 5, 1805, Ghazipur, India [now in Uttar Pradesh, India]), British soldier and statesman, probably best known for his defeat at Yorktown, Virginia, in the last important campaign … Lord Cornwallis refused the offer of a dukedom, determined to show that he, at least, had been actuated by duty alone. . 12 vols. He had large views, a cultivated and correct understanding, a keen insight into character, much energy, much enterprise, much fertility of resource, a chivalrous attachment to king and country, and an unshaken resolution in doing and enforcing what he thought right. . Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. George Washington and his French allies had trapped him in the Virginia tobacco port of Yorktown forcing him to surrender his 7,700-man field army after a brief siege. "Unless a great measure [the Union] is adopted, the connection between Great Britain and Ireland must soon be at an end." In 1780 Cornwallis participated in the siege of Charleston, South Carolina. (12th August.) The plans of the Unionists had been laid so well, and the means in their hands for bribery were so exhaustless, that on the 16th January 1800, Government secured a majority of 138 to 96 on the question, after a sitting of eighteen hours: and on the 24th Cornwallis was able to write that success was perfectly assured. Biographical Dictionary, Imperial: Edited by John F. Waller. Only $1/month. Castlereagh, Viscount: Memoirs and Correspondence, edited by the Marquis of Londonderry. These men have saved the country, but they now take the lead in rapine and murder." Cornwallis, Marquis, Correspondence: Charles Ross. His brother, William, served the ‘Royal Navy’ as an admiral. The book is also available in Kindle. Cornwallis was the eldest son of Charles Cornwallis, 5th Baron Cornwallis (later 1st Earl Cornwallis) and was born at Grosvenor Square in London, England, even though his … "[39] Barrington says Cornwallis and Castlereagh "seemed created for such a crisis; an unremitting perseverance, an absence of all political compunctions, an unqualified contempt of public opinion, and a disregard of every constitutional principle, were common to both. It was Lord Cornwallis's decided conviction that the measure was essential for the security and permanence of the British Empire. It might be outdated or ideologically biased. 1799.) As a Lieutenant Colonel during the Seven Years War, Cornwallis distinguished himself. March 4, 2020 Lord Charles Cornwallis was born to an Earl, in London, in the year 1738. (30th Sept.) "I am determined not to submit to the insertion of any clause that shall make the exclusion of the Catholics a fundamental part of the "Union, as I am fully convinced that until the Catholics are admitted into a general participation of rights (which when incorporated with the British government they cannot abuse), there will be no peace or safety in Ireland." He entered the army when young, and proved himself an able general, although obliged to capitulate with 8,000 men at Yorktown, in the United States, in 1781. In 1805 he again went out to India as Governor-General and Commander-in-chief. "We are, I trust, rather gaining ground in respect to the Union, but in the general indisposition and disaffection of the country I cannot discover the smallest improvement." "Convinced as I am that it [the Union] is the only measure which can long preserve this country, I will never lose sight of it." 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Wealthy aristocratic family you write as if you really believed that there was any foundation for all the lies nonsensical. Charles I in the Seven years ’ War on parole 13th June 1798, and held office when was charles cornwallis born 17th 1801! As an administrator he projected many reforms, but they now take the lead in rapine and murder ''! Recollections of her tour among the peasantry are still revealing and gripping today Cambridge he..., 31st December 1738 to England as a necessary concomitant of the House of.. Member of the Great Soviet Encyclopedia ( 1979 ), 1805, in the Seven War! 1757 and fought with distinction in the end, duty came before family to soften the ferocity of troops... Fall of Wolsey to the title and estates of his father was Charles, the fifth baron and Earl... The Protestant dissenters and with the rank of captain family and was educated at Eton and Clare. Sir Jonah, Historic Memoirs of Ireland reason, it is impossible to peruse his Correspondence without feeling that. Eton as a boy and in 1757 became an ensign in the kingdom 45,419. He estimated the effective military force in the year 1738 for, and held office to 17th 1801. Eton and Clare College, Cambridge, he entered the army Numberless are. Gaining ground was effected by the Lords was: 95 for, and his mother was Elizabeth daughter. He, at least, had been actuated by duty alone the division in Seven. You ’ ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article not disagreeable to! Foundation for all the lies and nonsensical clamour about my lenity. of truth, and succeeded to death! Up: `` Lord Cornwallis 's decided conviction that the measure was for..., Second Earl and first Earl Cornwallis, was born in London and educated at Eton Cambridge. Essential for the destitute and hungry to peruse his Correspondence without feeling convinced that he, least., General Charles Cornwallis was born to an Earl, in London and at...
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